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  Why do oceans have waves and surf? Level: Primary School Aim: To explain the scientific reason for the waves and surf after teaching them the poem Washday by Elizabeth F. Upson 1.    When the wind blows hard, have you noticed how your hair flies? 2.    When the same wind flows through ocean water, it billows into waves. 3.    A wave is a swell on a watery surface. 4.    If the wind is stronger, the waves are higher and rougher. 5.    The sun, earth and moon are in a pull creating waves. 6.    The moon pulls the spinning earth’s waves towards it making waves. 7.    When the moon rises at night, it comes closer to earth. 8.    That’s why waves are taller and stronger at night. 9.    After having covered many kilometres, the huge waves crash onto the seacoast. 10.                   ...

  Why is the ocean blue? Level: Primary School Aim: To explain the scientific reason for the blue ocean after teaching them the poem Washday by Elizabeth F. Upson 1.   You have learned how the seven colours of violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red make the seven colours of the rainbow. 2.   You see a rainbow in the sky when sunlight is spread out by raindrops. 3.   Look around at the objects around you. 4.   What colours are they? .................................................................... 5.   Do you know why different objects seem to be of different colours? ......................................................................... 6.   Every object absorbs [soaks in] or reflects [throws back] light. 7.   The ocean seems blue to you as it reflects blue light and swallows up the rest of the colours. 8.   Sometimes the sea looks green because of the plants in it. 9.   Have you seen the sea ...

The Arabian Nights The Thousand and One Nights Alf laylah wa laylah [Arabic book title] [Version for primary school children] [Aim: To introduce Sindbad the Sailor to them] Part 1 Do your parents and grandparents tell you bedtime stories? ............................................................................................ Do you read stories on your own? Or does anyone else read out them to you? .................................................................................................   What kind of stories do you like listening to the most? ........................................................................................... Would you be excited to hear that there is an amazing volume of short stories of fairy tales, fables, moral lessons, ghost stories, and adventures? .................................................................................................... However, every night you will not be told the whole story. Whe...

  Sami 1.     The Sami [Saami, Lapps] live in the European far north encompassing Russia, Finland, Sweden and Norway. 2.     The 80,000 to 1,35,000 Samis speak approximately 10 languages- four of them are purely oral and six have written scripts as well. 3.     The most discussed Sami people were nomadic reindeer herders. 4.     They raised deer for milk and meat. 5.     The milk was curdled into tasty cheese. 6.     They tailored and wove clothes out of reindeer skin and wool. 7.     The community built houses out of grassy soil and tree logs. 8.     Many Samis now dwell in tiny farms and are into forestry, agriculture, fishing and animal husbandry [raising sheep and reindeer]. 9.     Others are into mining, industrial, commercial and government jobs in towns and cities. 10.          ...

Finland 1.      Finland is a Nordic country, with its capital Helsinki perched on the Gulf of Finland. 2.      The country is draped by pine woods, watered by hundreds of rivers, and pitted with thousands of lakes holding fresh water. 3.      Clusters of islands of the Baltic Sea belong to Finland. 4.      Tourists flock to view Sampi or Lapland’s northern lights. 5.      Four nations including Finland share Lapland/ Sampi where reindeer abound. 6.      The reindeer, elk, moose lynx, swan, seal, grey owl, wolf, bear, wolverine, Siberian jay bird, ermine [weasel], white-tailed eagle, etc have adapted well to the country’s cold climate. 7.      Fish, the meat of game animals, wild mushrooms from the woods and berries are regular ingredients of the Finnish cuisine. 8.      Bread cheese, rye bread, creamy salmon brot...

A supernatural tale in Antarctica Part 2 The almost desolate, vast and white continent is visited by the Arctic Terns from the North Polar regions. These birds emerge from their eggs during the Arctic summer. They won’t be able to withstand the extremely low temperatures and darkness of the winters there. Colonies of terns embark on a long journey to the South Pole, their trail being guided by the summer sun and ocean breezes that naturally propel them forth. Here, the birds will receive 24 hours of sunlight when their birth land is immersed in similar hours of darkness. The sun’s beams that illuminate the ocean waters will help them to see their prey. Within a few months, these slender birds fly from one pole to another. Being a paranormal film, the terns will have real or assumed uncanny powers to convey the happenings from one end of the earth to another. Their migration will not only connect the humans from the north and south but the Arctic Polar Bear to the Antarctic penguin. The...